SOME MALAGASY AFFIXES
Mihomehy ny ankizy.
Look at the verb mihomehy = it is made of
mi-: prefix for active verb (present tense)
-om-: infix
hehy: root verb
Some Prefixes:
1-a- prefix for passive verbs: (vela) avela : abandonned
2-an-: prefix for nouns of places: Antananarivo
different from an (') - an (-) prepositions: in, for, into, inside, with,
an-tsena: in the market
an'ny olona: for people
3-ampaha-: with numeral cardinal adjectives: ampahafolo: tenth of,
4-andria-: prefix for names of people Andrianjafy
5-f- prefix for manner, instrument, habitual action: fifadiana: fasting, abstinence
6-faha- time prefix: (zaza) : fahazaza: the childhood
7-ha- prefix for abstract nouns: (avo) haavo: height, hadalàna: craziness
8-ha- prefix meaning till, up to: halohalika: up to the knees
9-hatra- prefix for adverbs: from, since, till: hatraiza: to where?
hatry ny maraina: till the morning
10-h(o) prefix for the future tense : handeha
11-i- prefix for preposition: ivoho: at the back
12-in- or im- prefixes for numeral adjectives: (roa) indroa - (valo) imbalo
13-ka- pejorative prefix for adjectives: kanosa (coward) , kamo (lazy)
14-ki- nominal prefix with negative meaning: kizitina: coleric
15-m : or ma - prefixes for adjectives : (ditra) maditra (naughty), (zoto) mazoto (eager)
16-ma- prefix for active verbs: (handro) mahandro: to cook
17-man- prefix for active verbs: (rora) mandrora : to spit
18-mana-: new prefix for verbs with progressive aspect manadala: fooling (someone), manamboatra: preparing, constructing
19-mi- prefix for intransitive active verbs, rarely transitive (aina) miaina (to breath), (joro) mijoro (to stand up)
20-mifam-; mifan-; mifamp-, complex prefixes for reciprocal verbs, mifampijery (to look at each other)
21-miha: prefix for aspects of verbs and adjectives: progressive aspect:
(very) mihavery: it is in the process of getting lost, forgotten,
(mainty) : mihamainty it is getting darker
22 mp- prefix for names of profession, work: mpanjaitra: taylor, mpampianatra: teacher
23-n(o) prefix for past time: nidina: to get down
24-sa- prefix for intensification: felika: safelika: to put across
25-tafa: prefix for verbs expressing involuntary or accidental action (it is resulting in) :
tafavoaka : got through,
tafatombina: got sitted
26-voa: prefix for passive verbs of finished actions done with the help of an external agent:
voatsongo: pinched
voakapoka: battered
27-t- prefix for past time or the origin: aiza: taiza?
28-tsi- negative prefix : tsimatimanota: untouchables (cast),
29-ra- prefix for family names or sometimes first name: Rakotonirina, Rajosefa: Joseph
suffixes:
30--a (o, y) for imperatives, midira (come in); lazao (tell it), vohay (open)
the personal pronouns complement:
31- -ko/-nao/-ny/-nay/-tsika/-
32--ana: suffix for name Mirana,
33--ana/ ina/ ena: sasana (to washed), lazaina (told), omena (given)
34--ka, -tra, -na: finals for nouns and verbs : endrika (face)/peratra (ring)/aina (life)- ezaka(to strive)/ akatra (to go up)/midina (to go down)
sometimes circumfixes:
35-o..ina/ana; a..ina/ana; an...ina/ana: avotana (saved)
infixes:
36--amp- causative verbs: mampiakatra: lifting up
mampiseho: to demonstrate something
37--if- reciprocal verbs : enjika: mifanenjika (to run each after the other)
38--n-: ity : inty (here you are)
39--in-: vidy : vinidy (to buy)
40--re-: io: ireo , iny: ireny, ito: ireto, iry, irery (demonstrative adjectives)
41--om-: tany: tomany (to cry)
42--za-: atsy: izatsy, izy: izary, ito: izato; (demonstrative adjectives)
